python常用小功能 | Aserad's Blog

复制指定文件到目标目录

import shutil
source_path = '/source/file/full/path'
target_path = '/target/directory/full/path'
shutil.copy(source_path, target_path)

图片转换成Base64

import base64


def pic_to_base64(pic_full_path):
    with open(pic_full_path, "rb") as f:
        # b64encode是编码，b64decode是解码
        base64_data = base64.b64encode(f.read())
        # base64.b64decode(base64data)
        
        _base64_str = 'data:image/jpg;base64,%s' % base64_data.decode()
        # print(_base64_str)
        return _base64_str


if __name__ == '__main__':
    base64_str = pic_to_base64('/your/picture/full/path')
    print(base64_str)

从文件中读取地址，然后在浏览器中把地址标出来

需要用到的文件有：
- address.txt 这是保存原始地址的文件
- get_locations.py 这个文件是从address.txt文件读取地址，然后转换成经纬度，最后生成一个js文件保存经纬度信息
- location_generated.js 这个文件是get_locations.py生成的
- map.html 这个是展示地图的文件，只要双击打开就行

address.txt文件示例：

合肥庐阳区新天地国际中心
合肥庐阳区和煦园
合肥财富广场
合肥大剧院
合肥体育馆
合肥安医附院

get_locations.py文件的内容

import json
import requests  # 这是第三方模块，需要安装，可以使用`pip install requests`命令安装


def get_response(addr_file):
    """
    通过高德地图提供的接口将地址转换成经纬度坐标
    接口返回数据实例（2019/2/28)：
        '{"status":"1","count":"1","info":"OK","infocode":"10000","suggestion":{"keywords":[],"cities":[]},"pois":[{"id":"B0FFG1NA8U","parent":[],"name":"合肥顶峰数码科技有限公司","type":"公司企业;公司;公司","typecode":"170200","biz_type":[],"address":"北一环路168号新天地国际购物中心7层","location":"117.279240,31.879880","tel":[],"distance":[],"biz_ext":{"rating":[],"cost":[]},"pname":"安徽省","cityname":"合肥市","adname":"庐阳区","importance":[],"shopid":[],"shopinfo":"0","poiweight":[],"photos":[]}]}'
    :param addr_file: 包含地址的文本文件，一行只能有一个地址
    :return: 返回一个生成器，迭代这个生成器会返回包含经纬度和地址的json字符串，示例：'{"lnglat": [117.27924, 31.87988], "name": "合肥庐阳区新天地国际中心", "style": 0}'
    """
    for addr in open(addr_file, 'r', encoding='utf8'):
        addr = addr.replace('\n', '')
        url = 'https://restapi.amap.com/v3/place/text?key=8325164e247e15eea68b59e89200988b&keywords=%{}'.format(addr)
        resp = json.loads(requests.get(url).text)
        location = resp['pois'][0]['location'].split(',')
        location_list = list(map(lambda x:float(x), location))
        my_dic = dict(
            lnglat=location_list,
            name=addr,
            style=0,
        )
        yield json.dumps(my_dic, ensure_ascii=False)


def write_js_file(addr_file):
    with open('location_generated.js', 'w', encoding='utf8') as f:
        f.write('var locations = [\n')
        for addr_str in get_response(addr_file):
            f.write(''.join(['    ', addr_str, ',\n']))
        f.write('];\n')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    write_js_file('address.txt')

生成的 location_generated.txt 文件示例：

var locations = [
    {"lnglat": [117.27924, 31.87988], "name": "合肥庐阳区新天地国际中心", "style": 0},
    {"lnglat": [117.27924, 31.87988], "name": "合肥庐阳区和煦园", "style": 0},
    {"lnglat": [117.27924, 31.87988], "name": "合肥财富广场", "style": 0},
    {"lnglat": [117.27924, 31.87988], "name": "合肥大剧院", "style": 0},
    {"lnglat": [117.27924, 31.87988], "name": "合肥体育馆", "style": 0},
    {"lnglat": [117.27924, 31.87988], "name": "合肥安医附院", "style": 0},
];

map.html 文件的内容，从高德地图拷贝后简要修改，源地址：高德地图加载海量点

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no, width=device-width">
    <title>海量点</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://a.amap.com/jsapi_demos/static/demo-center/css/demo-center.css"/>
    <style>
        html, body, #container {
            height: 100%;
            width: 100%;
        }

        .input-card .btn {
            margin-right: 1.2rem;
            width: 9rem;
        }

        .input-card .btn:last-child {
            margin-right: 0;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="container" class="map" tabindex="0"></div>
<div class="input-card">
    <h4>海量点效果切换</h4>
    <div class="input-item">
        <input type="button" class="btn" value="单一图标" onclick='setStyle(0)'/>
        <input type="button" class="btn" value="多个图标" onclick='setStyle(1)'/>
    </div>
</div>
<!-- 数据源 src是生成的文件的名字 变量locations存了展示的所有数据 -->
<script type="text/javascript" src='location_generated.js'></script> 
<script type="text/javascript"
        src="https://webapi.amap.com/maps?v=1.4.13&key=您申请的key值"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    var map = new AMap.Map('container', {
        zoom: 4,
        center: [102.342785, 35.312316]
    });

    var style = [{
        url: 'https://webapi.amap.com/theme/v1.3/markers/n/mark_bs.png',
        anchor: new AMap.Pixel(6, 6),
        size: new AMap.Size(19, 33)
    }, {
        url: 'https://a.amap.com/jsapi_demos/static/images/mass1.png',
        anchor: new AMap.Pixel(6, 6),
        size: new AMap.Size(11, 11)
    }, {
        url: 'https://a.amap.com/jsapi_demos/static/images/mass2.png',
        anchor: new AMap.Pixel(6, 6),
        size: new AMap.Size(11, 11)
    }
    ];

    var mass = new AMap.MassMarks(locations, {
        opacity: 0.8,
        zIndex: 111,
        cursor: 'pointer',
        style: style
    });

    var marker = new AMap.Marker({content: ' ', map: map});

    mass.on('mouseover', function (e) {

        marker.setPosition(e.data.lnglat);
        marker.setLabel({content: e.data.name})
    });

    mass.setMap(map);

    function setStyle(multiIcon) {
        if (multiIcon) {
            mass.setStyle(style);
        } else {
            mass.setStyle(style[2]);
        }
    }
</script>
</body>
</html>

最后附上效果图（放大后截取一部分）：
示例图片